For the first time in their history, students in all federal universities, polytechnics and colleges of education in Nigeria are to commence payment of tuition fees, no thanks to the new policies being introduced by the Federal Government under President Bola Ahmed Tinubu.
This is the fallout of the signing of the Student Loan Bill by President Bola Ahmed Tinubu, on Monday, a development, which though initially widely celebrated in many quarters, seems to be getting some pushbacks as stakeholders have begun to look closely at the implication of the new law for the millions of prospective students who rely on tuition-free higher institutions of learning to acquire knowledge.
Educationists and other stakeholders, who said this would have wider implications, given that in Nigeria, tuition, which runs into hundreds of thousands of naira or even millions of naira in private universities, is free in government schools at both national and state levels.
Daily Trust, reports that the situation has been the same since independence, even though some charges for other issues such as accommodation, departmental, and course registration, among others vary from one institution to another, adding that the waiver of tuition has given millions of students the opportunity to go to school, a situation observers say the introduction of a student loan scheme, would now put an end to.
The report, which claimed that there was no immediate response from the Federal Ministry of Education, quoted Clause 3 of the Students Loan Act as saying: “The loans referred to in this Act shall be granted to students only for the payment of tuition fees.”
Maintaining that the clause contravened the existing provision that said tuition was free in public institutions, the report argued that the question of tuition in Nigerian institutions is a constitutional matter vide Chapter 2 of the amended 1999 Constitution, adding that by the provisions of that chapter, no publicly owned institution was permitted and it was illegal for any one of them to charge tuition fees on any citizen of the country.
Citing the Act establishing the law, which stipulated that the Student Loan Bill would provide easy access to higher education for indigent Nigerians through interest-free loans from the Nigerian Education Loan Fund, it stressed how it also stipulated that it also stated that act made it mandatory to all matters pertaining to the application and grant of loans to Nigerians seeking higher education into institutions of higher learning in Nigeria through the Nigerian Education Loan Fund.
“All students seeking higher education in any public institution of higher learning in Nigeria shall have equal right to access the loans under this Act without any discrimination arising from gender, religion, tribe, position or disability of any kind,” the act reads.
It, however, noted that the grant of the loan to any student under the Act shall be subject to the applicant satisfying the requirements and conditions set out under this Act, including that students found to be involved in consumption of drugs would not be eligible.
President of the Academic Staff Union of Universities (ASUU), Emmanuel Osodeke, reportedly said the bill was not new as it had been on for a long time, was quoted as saying: “A country where more than 133 million are living below the poverty line and you want to introduce tuition fees? It will be counterproductive.
“Every Nigerian should know what is going to happen next and there may likely be another bill waiting for signature that will introduce tuition fees. If the bill indicated that the loan is to pay tuition fees and there are no tuition fees in Nigerian universities, then what is your next approach?”
He added: “We have said long ago, in 2017, to President Buhari when they came up with the issue of tuition fees, that every student will pay N1 million and we said you cannot put that in our agreement and you cannot use that to negotiate with us and with the nature of the country we have today, there is no way that will work.
“What will happen is that the majority of students whose parents cannot afford it will pull out of school in anger and you know what that means, they will fight the society back. But let us get the correct information first before knowing the next steps,” he added.
A professor at the University of Abuja, Ben Ugwoke, said going by the provisions of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, no public institution pays tuition fees. That is, all public institutions in Nigeria are tuition-free.
“However, due to underfunding, the governing councils or boards of these public institutions are permitted by the laws establishing the institutions to determine appropriate charges and levies that students should pay to cover specific costs.
“The bill signed into law does not abrogate the various acts of the National Assembly establishing the public institutions which enable them to levy students appropriately. The new students’ loan act did not in any way abolish the current or future regime of charges students of public institutions in Nigeria currently pay.
“Let me hazard a guess that the new act has laid a formal basis for the various governing organs of the public institutions in Nigeria to levy higher charges on students. “To the naive, it means relief but to my mind, I think it means higher charges are on the horizon for students.”
For Professor Nasiru Medugu Idris of Nasarawa State University Keffi, “Tuition fees will remain the same or even higher. This is because the students’ loan will strictly be for the purpose of tuition fees. So no abolition of tuition fees in Nigerian universities.
“School’s tuition fee maybe 10 to 20 per cent of students’ expenditure per semester. Therefore parents and students should not celebrate the signing of the act for now until they have accessed the loan first,” he said.
Meanwhile, when our reporter contacted the Federal Ministry of Education to clarify clause 3 of the act, via a text message to the Permanent Secretary, David Adejo, through the Director of Press, Bem Ben Goong, the director said the ministry will address a press conference on Wednesday to clarify all issues and as such had no comment.