The Speaker of the House of Representatives, Abbas Tajudeen, has expressed serious concern about Nigeria’s escalating debt levels, highlighting that the country has surpassed its legally mandated debt limit, posing a threat to fiscal stability.
During the opening session of the 11th Annual Conference and General Assembly of the West Africa Association of Public Accounts Committees (WAAPAC) held at the National Assembly in Abuja on Monday, Abbas emphasized that Nigeria’s debt situation has become “a critical point” and called for immediate reforms in borrowing procedures and oversight mechanisms.
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He stated, “As at the first quarter of 2025, Nigeria’s total public debt stood at N149.39 trillion, equivalent to about US$97 billion. This represents a sharp rise from N121.7 trillion the previous year, underscoring how quickly the burden has grown. Even more concerning is the debt-to-GDP ratio, which now stands at roughly 52 percent, well above the statutory ceiling of 40 percent set by our own laws.”
Abbas characterized the breach of the debt ceiling as “a signal of strain on fiscal sustainability,” emphasizing the necessity for “stronger oversight, transparent borrowing practices, and a collective resolve to ensure that tangible economic and social returns match every naira borrowed.”
He further cautioned that many African nations are currently facing perilous debt-to-GDP ratios, with governments allocating more funds to debt servicing than to critical sectors such as healthcare and essential public services.
“This is not just a budgetary concern, but a structural crisis that demands urgent parliamentary attention and coordinated reform,” he remarked.
In response to these fiscal challenges, Abbas announced Nigeria’s intention to lead the creation of a West African Parliamentary Debt Oversight Framework under the auspices of WAAPAC.
This initiative aims to standardize debt reporting across the region, establish transparency benchmarks, and provide parliaments with timely information to effectively monitor borrowing activities.
Additionally, he revealed plans to implement a regional capacity-building program for Public Accounts and Finance Committees, designed to equip members with advanced tools for analyzing debt sustainability and assessing fiscal risks.
While cautioning against irresponsible borrowing, Abbas stressed that loans should be directed toward addressing vital infrastructure needs.
He stated, “Borrowing should support infrastructure, health, education, and industries that create jobs and reduce poverty. Reckless debt that fuels consumption or corruption must be exposed and rejected. Oversight is not just about figures, but about the lives and futures behind those figures.”
Reaffirming the 10th House’s dedication to transparency, the Speaker noted that under its Open Parliament policy, significant borrowing proposals will undergo public hearings, and simplified debt reports will be accessible to the public.
The conference, which gathers parliamentarians from across West Africa along with development partners and financial experts, centers on the theme: “Strengthening Parliamentary Oversight of Public Debt: The Role of Finance and Public Accounts Committees.”
Abbas encouraged attendees to engage earnestly in the discussions, highlighting that the outcomes of the conference will contribute to enhancing fiscal responsibility and accountability throughout the continent.